Sensors from SMC :)

What is a sensor?

A sensor is device that collect information about the world around it. Sensor operate on the principle of transduction: the conversion of energy from one form to another.

Classification of sensors

Level 1: Propioceptive / Exteroceptive

Level 2: Contact / Non-contact

Level 3: Active / Passive

Level 4: Type of detection (contact, sound, electromagnetic spectrum or chemical concantracion)

What can they detect?

- Presence	x		xxx	- Location or dimension	x		xxx	- Chemical composition	x
- Temperature				- Color

Characteristics of sensors

- Measuring range	x		xxx	- Linearity	x
- Resolution				- Response time
- Sensivity				- Offset or Zero deviation
- Repeatability				- Drift
- Precision and accuracy				- Types of signal output: Analog or digital

Types of sensors

Proximity sensors

Contact proximity sensors
Contact proximity sensors must make physical contact with an object to determine if it is present or absent.
Normally open sensor			x
Normally closed sensor

Non-contact proximity sensors
They are able to detect the presence of nearby object without any contact.
Magnetic sensors			x	Reed switch
				Hall effect sensor
Capacitive sensors
Inductive sensors
Photoelectric sensors				Diffuse sensor
				Through beam sensor
				Retro-reflective sensor

Position, speed and acceleration sensors

Position	x	Potentiometer
		Linear encoder
		Rotary encoder	Absolute
			Incremental
		Linear variable differential transformer (LVDT)
		Rotary variable differential transformer (RVDT)
Speed
There are many sensors to measure the speed: Linear and rotary encoders, LVDT, RVDT, etc.
Acceleration
Acceleration sensors are used to measure forces on an object that are a result of:
- Fall
- Tap
- Tilt
- Shock
- Vibration
		Piezoelectric	Hall effect	Capacitive

Process control sensors

	x		x
Pressure sensor		Flow sensor		Level sensor
Temperature sensor		Load sensor		pH sensor

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